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家庭资本的“福”与“祸”：学校出勤困难青少年家庭适应过程的质性研究

“The Unbearable Weight of Life”: A Qualitative Study of the Family Adaptation Process among Adolescents with School Attendance Problems

社会科学进展 / 2024,6(4)：1143-1156 / 2024-09-04 105 219

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• 作者： 刘慧珍¹²      蔡辰²³      何丽¹²      阮琳燕¹²     
• 单位：

  1. 北京联合大学师范学院，北京；
  2. 北京联合大学儿童及青少年学习与心理发展研究所，北京；
  3. 北京市徐悲鸿中学，北京

• 关键词： 家庭适应过程；学校出勤困难家庭；家庭资本；个案研究
• Family adaptation process; Families with school attendance problems; Family capital; Case study
• 摘要： 为了分析家庭资本对学校出勤困难青少年家庭适应过程的影响因素，本研究采用质性研究的个案研究方式，运用深度访谈法和实物收集法进行资料收集，采取情境分析法和类属分析法分析个案资料。研究对象为2021年9月至2023年3月自愿参与研究并且出勤困难超过一学期的青少年及其父母。研究结果发现：出勤困难青少年的家庭适应过程与其所拥有家庭资本（社会资本、文化资本、经济资本和心理资本）息息相关，“福”“祸”相依。基于青少年身心状况和父母支持理解的两个维度，本研究将８个个案家庭适应过程分别划分为四种类型：稳定复学型、自洽平稳型、复学动荡型、持续卡滞型。其中，经济资本丰富的家庭可以为出勤困难青少年的适应过程提供更多的经济支持，拥有丰富的社会资本和心理资本的家庭都有助于出勤困难的孩子重新复学或寻找到适合孩子成长的出路，而文化资本较为丰富的家庭由于对孩子有过高期望，所以对出勤困难的家庭适应过程有更为复杂的影响。
• In order to analyze the influencing factors of family capital on the family adaptation process among adolescents with school attendance problems, this study adopts qualitative research method, using in-depth interview method and physical collection method for data collection, and adopting situational analysis and analogical analysis method to analyze the case data. The subjects of the study were adolescents and their parents who voluntarily participated in the study from September 2021 to March 2023, having attendance problems for more than one semester. The results indicate a close relationship between the family adaptation process and their family capital, which includes social, cultural, economic, and psychological aspects. Economically affluent families can offer substantial financial support to facilitate the adaptation of teenagers facing attendance problems. Those with abundant social and psychological capital can assist these children in returning to school or finding alternative paths for their growth. However, families with significant cultural capital may impose excessively high expectations on their children, leading to a more complex impact on the family’s adaptation process.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pss.0604116
• 引用： 刘慧珍，蔡辰，何丽，等．家庭资本的“福”与“祸”：学校出勤困难青少年家庭适应过程的质性研究［J］．社会科学进展，2024，6（4）：1143-1156.