Poetry translation is an important issue in the history of modern Chinese poetry development. When discussing new poetry, translation is inevitable. Based on the CNKI database and using CiteSpace visualization bibliometrics software, this study visually analyzes 465 research papers on poetry translation in domestic core journals from 2003 to 2023. The results show that: (1) In terms of basic characteristics, the field of poetry translation demonstrates a trend of diversification and interdisciplinarity, involving linguistics, philosophy, and cross-cultural communication among other fields. Meanwhile, the community of researchers has gradually expanded to include more universities and research institutions. However, the field has relatively low attention and weak continuity in topic research, and has not yet formed a major research stronghold; (2) In terms of research trends, in recent years, the focus of poetry translation research has gradually shifted from traditional text comparison to cultural differences, translator subjectivity, intertextuality, and translation strategies; (3) In terms of evolutionary paths, this study reveals a shift in poetry translation research from direct translation at the textual level to deeper cultural and imagistic translation.