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比较法视野下当事人的事案解明义务 ——以劳动争议证明责任为视角

The Parties’ Obligation to Clarify the Case Under Comparative Law —The Burden of Proof in Labor Disputes as a Perspective

社会科学进展 / 2024,6(3)：777-785 / 2024-07-18 122 113

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• 作者： 惠钰炎     
• 单位：

  上海政法学院，上海

• 关键词： 事案解明义务；劳动争议；证明责任
• Obligation to clarify the case; Labor disputes; Burden of proof
• 摘要： 劳动争议有其特殊性，现有的学说和法律规定都不足以解决劳动者与用人单位的证明责任分配困境。通过对两大法系事案解明义务的制度对比以及我国关于当事人陈述义务、文书提出义务等制度的法条沿革，发现我国存在引入事案解明义务的法律环境。在排除传统辩论主义对事案解明义务争议的基础上，论证事案解明义务与证明责任分配制度的关系。事案解明义务对与平衡劳动争议中双方当事人的证明责任、发现客观真实有着重要价值，应该从事案解明义务制度的主体、适用时间、前提，以及法律后果等方面进行构建和完善。
• Labor disputes have their own special characteristics, and existing doctrines and legal provisions are not sufficient to solve the dilemma of allocating the burden of proof between workers and employers. Through the comparison of the systems of the two legal systems and the evolution of China’s laws and regulations on the obligation of the parties to make statements and the obligation to file documents, it is found that there exists a legal environment for the introduction of the obligation to explain the case in China. On the basis of eliminating the controversy of traditional argumentation on the duty to state the facts, the relationship between the duty to state the facts and the system of allocation of the burden of proof is argued. The obligation to explain in the case has an important value in balancing the burden of proof of both parties in labor disputes and in discovering the objective truth, and it should be constructed and perfected in terms of the subject of the system of the obligation to explain in the case, the time of its application, the prerequisites, and the legal consequences.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pss.0603071
• 引用： 惠钰炎．比较法视野下当事人的事案解明义务——以劳动争议证明责任为视角［J］．社会科学进展，2024，6（3）：777-785.