With China's increasing emphasis on the protection of intellectualproperty rights, the number of lawsuits filed for intellectual property rights injudicial practice is on the rise. Among numerous intellectual property litigationcases, malicious litigation is a very special type of litigation, which not onlywastes a lot of judicial resources but also motivates more people to pursueintellectual property litigation for profit. Through reading a large amount ofliterature, it has been found that the academic community has conducted acomprehensive analysis of malicious litigation from multiple perspectives, butlegal regulations in practice are still not ideal. This article analyzes the currentissue of malicious litigation, introduces the US system of defense against unfairbehavior, and discusses the rationality of China's application of the system ofdefense against unfair behavior.