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他为什么没有娶苏珊·桑塔格？——婚恋分析视野中的布罗茨基俄罗斯域外英语散文写作《小于一》

Why Hadn’t He Marry Susan Sontag? — Nobel Prize Winner Joseph Brodsky’s Overseas Essay Writing Less Than One In the Perspective of Love and Marriage Analysis

社会科学进展 / 2020,2(6)：311-324 / 2020-11-18 692 659

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• 作者： 张艺     
• 单位：

  南京理工大学，南京

• 关键词： 俄罗斯域外文学；国际化研究；约瑟夫·布罗茨基；《小于一》；婚恋分析视角
• Overseas Russian Literature; International Studies; Joseph Brodsky; Less Than One; Love and marriage
• 摘要： 提到“俄罗斯域外文学”是不是“俄罗斯文学”这一问题，笔者认为，俄罗斯域外文学不是传统意义上的俄罗斯文学，而是俄侨移民／流散浪潮推动 的把“随身携带的”俄罗斯民族“文化之根”移植入“异国情调”土地的文学创造活动；抑或是张开想象的翅膀，飞回到精神家园，通过对记忆的再现与对 故国的叙述，渡过“文化休克”期的“治愈系写作”。无论是创新的欣悦，还 是忧伤的抚平，客观上都有利于俄罗斯文学从“民族的”走向“国际的”的文 化的全球化进程。本文重视俄罗斯文学的国际化研究，创新研究方法，从婚恋分析的独特视角，透视诺贝尔文学奖得主约瑟夫·布罗茨基流亡美国的浪漫史与他散文写作《小于一》的文学关系。《小于一》，表面看，是在回忆故乡城市；其实，是在诉说分手理由。进行对此“非常事件”的文学资料的搜集与研究，本文理解他们两人为何“错过”，感悟失爱之于创作的意义，探索大于爱情的“文学的真谛”，展现婚恋研究向度的俄罗斯域外文学的“悲伤与理智”。
• Concerning whether “Russian Overseas literature” should be “Russian literature”, this paper argues, instead of traditional Russian literature, Russian Overseas literature is kind of literary creational activities which transplants “cultural root” that immigrants carry with into a foreign land of exotic touch; or it is kind of “Hitomi Kurioshi writing” which one’s imagination winged and back to “Spiritual home” and spends time of cultural shock through representation of memories and narrations of homeland. No matter whether innovative joy or traumatic recover, objectively, Russian Overseas Literature is beneficial to the cultural globalization process from national to international. Paying special attention to internationalization of Russian Literature, this article innovates research method by taking love and marriage analysis to perspective into literature relationship between Nobel Prize winner Joseph Brodsky’s romance in America of falling in love with Susan Sontag while fled from her marriage contract and his writing of essays which were later collected with the name of Less Than One. Superficially, “Less Than One” recalls his hometown; actually, it confesses why Susan isn’t his mate. Carrying on the project of collecting and studying literary materials on this “extraordinary event”，this paper understands and concludes why they miss each other and percept meanings of loss in their literature creations. Exploring essence of literature more than love, this paper reveals “grief and reason” of Russian Overseas literature in the new perspective of love and marriage.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pss.0206027
• 引用： 张艺．他为什么没有娶苏珊·桑塔格？——婚恋分析视野中的布罗茨基俄罗斯域外英语散文写作《小于一》［J］．社会科学进展，2020，2（6）：311-324．