国际中文开源期刊平台

运动干预与健康教育对体质弱势群体小学生健康的影响

The Influence of Exercise Intervention and Health Education on the Health of Primary School Students in Physically Disadvantaged Groups

休闲运动与健康 / 2023,3(2)：18-25 / 2024-01-12 175 193

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• 作者： 罗艳丽     
• 单位：

  湖北大学体育学院，武汉

• 关键词： 运动处方；健康教育；体质弱势群体；小学生
• Exercise prescription; Health education; Physically vulnerable groups; Primary school student
• 摘要： 研究目的：探讨不同运动干预方式与健康教育对学生身心健康的影响，从而帮助体质弱势群体小学生选择科学合理的体育锻炼方式。研究方法：以孝感市实验小学五年级学生为对象，根据体质测试结果随机选择体质弱势群体共80人参与本研究，实验组进行一学期的运动干预与健康教育，对照组不进行任何干预。研究结果：在运动干预与健康教育后，实验组肥胖和瘦弱小学生的体型逐步趋于正常；骨盆前倾的角度在缩小、脊柱侧弯也在靠近中立位；学生安静时的心率有所降低、肺活量值较干预前有了极大提升；干预后小学生的50m跑时间缩短、一分钟跳绳个数增加、坐位体前屈的均值提高较明显，与干预前相比呈现出显著性差异（p<0.05）；心理健康方面，实验组在主观体验、身体价值维度上的均值与对照组之间的差异非常显著，差异均有统计学意义（p<0.01)。研究结论：运动干预与健康教育对不同体质弱势群体小学生的身体形态、身体机能、身体素质及心理健康各方面都有所改善和提高。
• The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of different exercise intervention methods and health education on students’ physical and mental health, so as to help the disadvantaged primary school students choose scientific and reasonable physical exercise methods. Research methods: A total of 80 students from the fifth grade of Xiaogan Experimental Primary School were randomly selected to participate in this study according to the physical fitness test results. The experimental group received exercise intervention and health education for one semester, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Results: After exercise intervention and health education, the body shape of obese and thin primary school students in the experimental group gradually became normal; The Angle of pelvis forward is decreasing and the scoliosis is approaching the neutral position. The heart rate of the students decreased and their vital capacity increased significantly when they were quiet. After intervention, the 50 m running time of primary school students was shortened, the number of skipping rope per minute was increased, and the mean of sitting forward bend was increased significantly, showing significant differences compared with before intervention (p<0.05). In terms of mental health, there were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in terms of subjective experience and physical value, with statistical significance (p<0.01). Conclusion: Exercise intervention and health education can improve the physical form, physical function, physical quality and mental health of primary school students in different vulnerable groups.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/lsh.0302004
• 引用：