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声波频率衰减的原理分析以及实验测量

Principle Analysis and Experimental Measurement of Sound Wave Frequency Attenuation

Geomatics Observation / 2021,3(2)：55-68 / 2021-04-16 1170 2713

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• Authors: 陈宇¹      陈寿元²     
• Information:

  1．北京师范大学天文系，北京；
  2．山东师范大学信息科学与工程学院，济南

• Keywords: 声波测量；频率衰减；传感器
• Acoustic wave measurement; Frequency attenuation; Sensors
• Abstract: 该文分析声波在传播过程中，其频率会自然衰减的原理，然后介绍超精密测量的试验技术。本文依托专利申请：201710454768.X，该测量系统适用于传输媒质无漂移运动的条件，包括：幅值、传播频率及相位大小均预先设定的声源，其设置于传输媒质无漂移运动区域的预设地理位置处；采用超远程、超精度的声波传感器；利用微小差值积分法提高频率变化分辨率；采用三角函数和差化积原理改变频率微小衰减测量模式。成功测量到一千赫兹声波，传播百米后，衰减了0、1 赫兹的测量结果。
• In this paper, the principle that the frequency of sound wave will naturally decay during propagation is analyzed, and then the experimental technology of ultra-precision measurement is introduced. Based on (patent application: 201710454768.X), the measurement system is suitable for the condition of no drift movement of transmission medium, including: sound source with preset amplitude, propagation frequency and phase, which is set at the preset geographical position of the no drift movement area of transmission medium; And at least two sound wave collectors, wherein the sound wave collectors are respectively arranged on the circumferences of different concentric circles taking the sound source as the center; The acoustic wave collector is also provided with a unique code according to its position; The acoustic wave collector is used for collecting the acoustic wave signals transmitted to the position where the acoustic wave collector is located and transmitting the coded information to the controller; And the controller is used for analyzing the received signals to obtain the amplitude, propagation frequency and phase information of the sound waves collected by each sound wave collector, and further obtain the redshift of the sound waves, namely the frequency attenuation.
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/go.0302006
• Cite: 陈宇，陈寿元．声波频率衰减的原理分析以及实验测量［J］．测绘观察，2021，3（2）：55-68．