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重访2015：场域理论视域下媒体伦理失范研究 ——以《新京报》外滩踩踏事件报道为例

Revisit 2015: Research on Ethical Anomie of Traditional Mainstream Media from the Perspective of Field Theory —Take the Beijing News Report on the Stampede on the Bund as an Example

中国新闻评论 / 2022,3(4)：30-42 / 2022-11-15 276 296

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• 作者： 井然      吴玉兰     
• 单位：

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• 关键词： 传媒伦理；场域理论；主流媒体；《新京报》外滩踩踏事件报道
• Media ethics; Field theory; Mainstream media; The New Beijing News reported the stampede on the bund
• 摘要： 新闻工作者既是社会道德的践行者与示范者，也是作为社会价值的传媒伦理的传播者与引导者。通过2013—2020年《传媒伦理研究报告》的内容分析发现，媒体伦理失范主体、失范原则、失范涉及问题、内容及形式等指标在2015年期间首次出现较大波动。探寻其间的变动逻辑，可以看出媒体伦理失范除自身专业建设不足外，也受到政治、经济、社会、文化等多重控制。布尔迪厄的场域理论注重透过研究主体继而勾勒宏观社会背景与个体之间的关系。本文以场域理论为研究视角，以2015年引发传媒伦理讨论的《新京报》外滩踩踏事件报道为研究案例，探寻在复杂的新闻场域中，从宏观维度深刻地理解传媒伦理问题各项指标在2015年前后的变动逻辑，即当媒体不能及时对场域变动和相应资本的获得与流失进行观察与反思，仍然依凭惯习展开专业素养缺失、功能定位偏移、文化价值抽离的新闻实践，将容易引发影响媒体公信力与社会和谐的传媒伦理事件，以期对传媒伦理失范提供治理参考。
• Journalists are not only practitioners and demonstrators of social morality, but also disseminators and guides of media ethics as social values. Through the content analysis of the 2013- 2020 Media Ethics Research Report, it is found that the indicators such as the subject, principle, problems, content and form of media ethics anomie have fluctuated greatly for the first time in 2015. Exploring the change logic, we can see that the media ethics anomie is not only under the control of its own professional construction, but also under the multiple control of politics, economy, society and culture. Bourdieu’s field theory focuses on the relationship between macro social background and individuals through the research subject. This paper takes the field theory as the research perspective, and the Bund stampede report of the Beijing News, which triggered the discussion on media ethics in 2015, as the research case, to explore the change logic of various indicators of media ethics issues around 2015 from a macro perspective in the complex news field, that is, when the media cannot timely observe and reflect on the field change and the corresponding capital acquisition and loss, It is easy to cause media ethics events that affect the credibility of the media and social harmony by still relying on habits to carry out news practice that lacks professional quality, deviates from functional orientation, and separates from cultural values, with a view to providing governance reference for media ethics anomie.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/cnr.0304004
• 引用： 井然，吴玉兰．重访2015：场域理论视域下媒体伦理失范研究——以《新京报》外滩踩踏事件报道为例［J］．中国新闻评论，2022，3（4）：30-42．