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建设性新闻视角下“中国故事”的 叙事策略研究 ——以中国新闻奖（国际传播类）作品为例

Narrative Strategies of Chinese Stories from the Perspective of Constructive Journalism: A Case Study of International Communication Works of China Journalism Award

中国新闻评论 / 2021,2(3)：17-31 / 2021-12-01 370 550

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• 作者： 余紫薇     
• 单位：

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• 关键词： 建设性新闻；“中国故事”；叙事学；中国新闻奖；国际传播奖
• Constructive journalism; China stories; Narratology; China News Awards; International Communication Award
• 摘要： 建设性新闻是一种将积极心理学应用到新闻生产的报道范式，以公众—方案—未来—行动为导向，致力于卓有成效的报道，侧重问题的解决路径，这同国内正面报道取向相似，为“讲 好中国故事”这一战略性议题提供了全新视角。将中国新闻奖国际传播奖作为讲好中国故事的典型样本，提取建设性新闻的方案导向、公众导向和语境导向三大操作性要素作为报道倾向进行分析。国际传播奖作品的叙事内容、叙事主体和叙事结构整体上体现了建设性新闻的叙事理念，但以传统主流媒体为主的单向叙事未能摆脱宣传话语的困境，狭窄的报道视野和扁平单一的行动方案使得故事内容缺乏活力，在极具差异的国际文化语境条件下，中国故事的国际传播效果有限。因此，“讲好中国故事”既需要面向未来，加大国际叙事并提供中国方案，也需要平衡“正面成就”与“负面问题”的客观性报道，更需要提供文化语境，弥补理解鸿沟，引导多元主体 积极参与到讲中国故事中，提高中国故事的叙事能力。
• Constructive journalism is a reporting paradigm that applies positive psychology to news production. It is oriented by public-plan-future-action and committed to effective reporting, it focuses on the problem-solving path. This is similar to the journalistic practice of providing “positive reports”in China,brings a new perspective for Chinese press circles to do news research and practice. Taking the International Communication Awards of China News Awards as a typical sample of telling Chinese stories well, extracting the three operational elements of constructive news: plan-oriented, publicoriented and context-oriented as the reporting tendency for analysis. The narrative content, narrative subject and narrative structure of the International Communication Award works as a whole reflect the narrative concept of constructive journalism, but the one-way narrative dominated by traditional mainstream media has not been able to get rid of the predicament of propaganda discourse, narrow reporting horizons and flat and single The action plan made the story content lack vitality. Under the extremely different international cultural context, the international spread of Chinese stories is limited. Therefore, “telling the China stories well” requires not only facing the future, increasing international narratives and providing Chinese solutions, but also balancing objective reporting of “positive achievements” and “negative issues”, and more importantly, providing cultural context to bridge the gap in understanding. Guide multiple subjects to actively participate in telling Chinese stories, and improve the narrative ability of Chinese stories.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/cnr.0203003
• 引用： 余紫薇．建设性新闻视角下“中国故事”的叙事策略研究——以中国新闻奖（国际传播类）作品为例［J］．中国新闻评论， 2021，2（3）：17-31．