国际中文开源期刊平台

新冠肺炎疫情中的流言和抢购卫生纸行为

Rumors and Panic Buying Behavior During the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Outbreak Fukunano Hideyoshi

中国新闻评论 / 2021,2(2)：43-61 / 2021-06-18 427 477

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• 作者： 福长秀吉      著      朱敏      译     
• 单位：

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• 关键词： 新冠肺炎；流言；抢购；报道方式
• Novel coronavirus pneumonia; Rumors; Panic buying; Reporting methods
• 摘要： 随着新冠肺炎疫情在全球持续蔓延，有关卫生纸的流言和抢购到底是如何发生的？两者之间有怎样的关联？本文对此进行了论证，并在此基础之上，研究了如何恰当控制流言和抢 购的报道方式。论证和研究的结果显示：卫生纸不足的流言的出现，是以口罩不足、石油危机、海外的抢购骚乱作为心理要因起作用的。日本和新加坡等地传播的流言内容大致相同，由于新冠疫情引起的社会恐慌，流言跨越了国界；抢购的动向，以流言为契机在各地分散性地开始，在 2 月28 日突然加速。促使急加速的主要原因是电视上播放了卫生纸的脱销状况；相信流言而抢购的人很少。很多人不相信流言，但是认为“别人会因为相信流言而抢购，这样一来卫生纸 就没法买到了”，于是也加入了抢购。这种心理随着缺货店铺的增加而扩大，加速了抢购；因为人们在现实里看到店面的卫生纸消失了，所以否定流言的信息说服力就下降了。抢购越加速，人们对货源不足的不安心理就越高，否定流言的效果随之递减；在流言演变成对社会产生恶劣影响的集体行动之前，必须控制流言的扩散。
• Novel coronavirus pneumonia has been spreading around the world. How did rumors and panic buying of toilet paper happen? What is the relationship between the two? This paper demonstrates this, and on this basis, studies how to properly control the rumor and panic buying reporting. The results of demonstration and research show that the rumor of insufficient toilet paper is caused by insufficient masks, oil crisis and overseas rush buying riots. Rumors spread widely in Japan and Singapore, and rumors spread across borders because of the social panic caused by COVID-19. The trend of rush buying, taking the opportunity of rumors, began in various places, and suddenly accelerated on February 28. The main reason for the rapid acceleration was that the toilet paper was out of stock on TV; There are few people who believe in rumors and rush to buy them. Many people don’t believe in rumors, but think that “others will buy toilet paper because they believe in rumors, so they can’t buy toilet paper”, so they also join in the rush buying. This kind of psychology expands with the increase of out of stock shops, which speeds up the rush buying; Because people see the toilet paper in the store disappear in reality, the information persuasion of negating rumors declines. The faster the rush to buy, the more anxious people are about the shortage of goods, and the effect of negating rumors decreases; Before the rumor evolves into a collective action that has a bad impact on society, the spread of rumor must be controlled.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/cnr.0202004
• 引用： 福长秀吉．新冠肺炎疫情中的流言和抢购卫生纸行为［J］．朱敏，译．中国新闻评论，2021，2（2）：43-61．