国际中文开源期刊平台

数据时代刑事技术引发的人权隐忧与化解——基于技术史的视角

Human Rights Hidden Concern and Resolution Caused by Criminal Technology in the Data Age —From the Perspective of Technology History

刑事司法科学与治理 / 2024,5(2)：11-18 / 2024-08-29 56 72

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• 作者： 段黎宇     
• 单位：

  中国政法大学证据科学研究院，北京

• 关键词： 刑事科学技术；技术规制；技术史；人权；数据化侦查
• Criminal science and technology; Technical regulation; Technical history; Human rights; Data investigation
• 摘要： 从技术视角来看，大数据侦查本质上是刑事技术赋能侦查活动的结果。人类运用科学技术手段侦办刑事案件由来已久，回顾刑事科学技术发展史，发现刑事技术主要沿着两条思路演进——人身识别与言辞判断。从技术史的视角对大数据侦查的人权困境进行辩证性思考，结果发现，刑事技术的匮乏可能导致非人道的侦查方式，而过分迷信技术也会酿成冤假错案。以目前的技术研发趋势来看，未来可能会出现更加触及人权底线的侦查模式，故对大数据侦查侵权的担忧和悲观言论甚嚣尘上。认识刑事技术是规制刑事技术的前提和基础，未来可以从权力规制、权利保障、技术标准三个角度规制刑事技术。
• From the technical perspective, big data investigation is essentially the result of criminal technology enabling investigation activities. Human beings have been using scientific and technological means to investigate criminal cases for a long time. Looking back on the history of criminal science and technology, it is found that criminal technology mainly evolves along two ideas, personal identification and verbal judgment. From the perspective of technology history, the author dialectically considers the human rights dilemma of big data investigation. The lack of criminal technology will lead to inhuman investigation methods, and excessive superstition in technology will also lead to unjust, false and wrong cases. According to the current trend of technology research and development, there will be more investigation modes that touch the bottom line of human rights in the future, so concerns and pessimistic remarks about infringement of big data investigation are rampant. The understanding of criminal technology is the premise and basis of regulating criminal technology. In the future, we can regulate criminal technology from three angles: power regulation, right protection and technical standard.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/cjsg.0502002
• 引用： 段黎宇．数据时代刑事技术引发的人权隐忧与化解——基于技术史的视角［J］．刑事司法科学与治理，2024，5（2）：11-18 ．