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被害人事后承诺的效力分析

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Post-Injury Victim Promises

刑事司法科学与治理 / 2023,4(1)：92-98 / 2023-06-16 495 512

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• 作者： 彭汇沅     
• 单位：

  中南财经政法大学刑事司法学院，武汉

• 关键词： 事后承诺；自我决定权；违法性阻却事由；效力范围
• Post-injury promises; Right to self-determination; Grounds of illegality; Scope of eἀectiveness
• 摘要： 当前学界，已普遍承认被害人作为构成要件的地位。然而，关于是否承认被害人事后承诺的效力问题，学界尚未统一。被害人事后承诺的全面否定说在理论上对于被害人承诺有效性的时间和证成理由上存在一定偏颇，在实践上又与当前的刑事立法规范以及司法改革趋势相违背。对此，有必要从多角度正视被害人事后承诺对于社会关系的修复、司法资源的优化配置、促进刑罚轻缓化的有力价值。但同时，事后承诺的效力并不是因为其存在而必然有效，对其效力范围也要根据案件类型的具体情况进行细化分析。
• In the current academic community, it is widely recognized that the victim plays a role as an element in the composition. However, there is still no consensus among scholars regarding the eἀectiveness of post-injury victim promises. Ḁe complete denial of post-injury victim promises theory exhibits certain biases in terms of the timing and evidentiary basis for the validity of victim promises, and it also contradicts current criminal legislative norms and trends in judicial reform. In light of this, it is important to examine the powerful value of post-injury victim promises in terms of repairing social relationships, optimizing the allocation of judicial resources, and promoting the mitigation of punishment from multiple perspectives. However, at the same time, the eἀectiveness of post-injury promises is not automatic simply because they exist, and the scope of their eἀectiveness should be analyzed and reᴀned based on the speciᴀc circumstances of each case type.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/cjsg.0401013
• 引用： 彭汇沅．被害人事后承诺的效力分析［J］．刑事司法科学与治理，2023，4（1）：92-98．