Public health emergencies are characterized by abruptness, urgency and rapid propagation. As a means of high strength control, compulsory measures can quickly control and resolve crises in public health emergencies and maintain public health safety and social order. However, the disposal of public health emergencies in China has also exposed some problems, such as legislation to be improved, the subject and procedure of implementation to be clarified, and the relief measures and supervision methods to be optimized urgently. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the nature and characteristics of compulsory measures in public health emergencies in China, analyze their shortcomings in combination with the current situation of practice, compare relevant foreign laws and regulations and practical operations, constantly improve China's compulsory measures, and better play its role in the prevention and control of public health emergencies.