tunnel belongs to underground engineering, which is a typical geological engineering. The geological conditions are uncertain, especially the collapse accident of loess surrounding rock tunnel is common. The construction of loess tunnel is very difficult, the surrounding rock has almost no self-stability ability, and it is easy to cause collapse in the construction In this paper, the process of loess tunnel collapse and its objective influencing factors are briefly discussed, which can be used as a reference for the prevention of loess tunnel collapse.